李廷贤 王如竹 夏再忠

(上海交通大学制冷与低温工程研究所 上海 200240)

制冷学报.-2008，29（3）.－1～9

    摘要：主要介绍了热管技术在吸附式制冷系统中的国内外研究现状，分别对传统热管、热虹吸热管及分离式热管型吸附制冷系统的研究成果和典型样机做了阐述.为了减少双吸附器、双冷凝器、双蒸发器结构的硅胶-水吸附制冷机组的冷量损失，采用热虹吸热管技术实现了两蒸发器间工作状态的自动切换，该机组能够有效利用65～85℃范围内的低温热源，可提供6～10kW的制冷量，系统COP为0.31～0.43；采用同样技术的小型紧凑式固体吸附制冷空调机在典型空调工况下其COP为0.34；基于分离式热管技术的渔船用复合吸附制冰机解决了高温尾气及海水对吸附床的腐蚀问题，吸附床的加热解吸、冷却吸附及回热过程均由无外加驱动力的多功能热管完成.热管技术的应用强化了吸附机组的传热性能，进而提高了机组的制冷能力及工作可靠性。

    关键词：热工学；吸附式制冷；热管；吸附剂；传热

Abstract The application of heat pipe technology in sorption refrigeration systems are presented in this paper, and some representative machines using conventional heat pipe, thermosyphon heat pipe and split heat pipe are also discussed. For example, in order to reduce the cooling loss of a silica gel–water adsorption chiller with two adsorbers, two condensers and two evaporators, the working modes of two evaporators are switched automatically by employing thermosyphon heat pipe, and the machine can be driven effectively by low-grade heat source of 65-85°C. The cooling power of 6-10 kW and the corresponding COP of 0.31-0.43 were achieved in the sorption prototype. A compact silica gel–water adsorption room air conditioner with two evaporators has a COP of 0.34 by utilizing the same heat pipe. To improve the working reliability of a compound sorption refrigeration machine for fish boat, the corrosion of adsorbers causing by waste gas and seawater can be solved by employing split heat pipe technology. For this machine, the heating, cooling and heat recovery processes between two adsorbers were performed by multifunction heat pipes without additional power consumption. The ap